Peptide: difference between revisions
Diff·revision 22 → 23·13:59, 7 May 2025
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| Revision 22 — 04:00, 13 Apr 2025 SupplyWatchSuri (talk) expand §Nomenclature and notation 4,971 bytes +38 | Revision 23 — 13:59, 7 May 2025 StubSorterBot (talk) bot: update parent category chain 5,710 bytes +739 | ||
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| 40 | Their liabilities are equally characteristic. Oral bioavailability is negligible without a formulation strategy, because gastrointestinal proteases and the intestinal barrier remove them. Circulating half-life is short unless engineered — see [[Albumin binding half-life extension]]. They are chemically labile in solution in ways small molecules are not, which drives the reliance on [[Lyophilisation|lyophilised]] presentations and a [[Cold chain|cold chain]]. | 40 | Their liabilities are equally characteristic. Oral bioavailability is negligible without a formulation strategy, because gastrointestinal proteases and the intestinal barrier remove them. Circulating half-life is short unless engineered — see [[Albumin binding half-life extension]]. They are chemically labile in solution in ways small molecules are not, which drives the reliance on [[Lyophilisation|lyophilised]] presentations and a [[Cold chain|cold chain]]. |
| 41 | 41 | ||
| + | 42 | Because they are made by stepwise chemical synthesis, the impurity profile of a peptide is distinctive: deletion sequences missing one residue, truncated sequences, and modified side chains, all structurally close to the intended molecule and often chromatographically close as well. This is why [[Analytical method validation|method specificity]] against process-related impurities carries the weight it does in peptide analysis, and why a specification is judged by which attributes it covers rather than by the number it reports.{{r|usp1503,ich_q6b}} | |
| + | 43 | ||
| 42 | == References == | 44 | == References == |
| 43 | {{reflist}} | 45 | {{reflist}} |
| 44 | <ref name="iupac">International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and International Union of Biochemistry, ''Nomenclature and Symbolism for Amino Acids and Peptides'' (recommendations 1983; revised).</ref> | 46 | <ref name="iupac">International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and International Union of Biochemistry, ''Nomenclature and Symbolism for Amino Acids and Peptides'' (recommendations 1983; revised).</ref> |
| 45 | <ref name="usp1503">United States Pharmacopeia, General Chapter <1503>, ''Quality Attributes of Synthetic Peptide Drug Substances''.</ref> | 47 | <ref name="usp1503">United States Pharmacopeia, General Chapter <1503>, ''Quality Attributes of Synthetic Peptide Drug Substances''.</ref> |
| + | 48 | <ref name="ich_q6b">International Council for Harmonisation, ''Q6B: Specifications — Test Procedures and Acceptance Criteria for Biotechnological/Biological Products'' (1999).</ref> | |
| 46 | 49 | ||
| 47 | == See also == | 50 | == See also == |