Glucagon (revision 1)
Old revision·00:27, 18 Jul 2024·ShortDescShai
| Glucagon | |
|---|---|
| Source | Pancreatic islet alpha cell |
| Precursor | Proglucagon (gene GCG) |
| Receptor | Glucagon receptor (GCGR), class B GPCR |
| Compound infobox · conventions | |
Glucagon is a 29-residue peptide hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreatic islets and processed from proglucagon by prohormone convertase 2. Its principal physiological role is counter-regulatory: falling blood glucose stimulates its release, and it acts on hepatocytes to mobilise glycogen and increase gluconeogenesis.[1]
Glucagon has been used clinically for decades as rescue treatment for severe hypoglycaemia and as a smooth-muscle relaxant for gastrointestinal imaging. Its more recent interest to this wiki is as a deliberate pharmacological target: agonism at the glucagon receptor increases energy expenditure and hepatic fat oxidation, and several investigational peptides combine it with GLP-1 agonism so that the glycaemic penalty is offset.[2]
References
- ^ Sandoval DA, D'Alessio DA. "Physiology of proglucagon peptides: role of glucagon and GLP-1 in health and disease." Physiological Reviews 95(2):513–548 (2015). PMID 25834231.
- ^ Coskun T, Urva S, Roell WC, et al. "LY3437943, a novel triple glucagon, GIP, and GLP-1 receptor agonist for glycemic control and weight loss." Cell Metabolism 34(9):1234–1247 (2022). DOI:10.1016/j.cmet.2022.07.013. PMID 35985340.