Glucagon-like peptide-1: difference between revisions
Diff·revision 7 → 8·05:17, 6 Jul 2024
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| 10 | GLP-1 is generated by tissue-specific post-translational processing of [[Proglucagon|proglucagon]], the same precursor that yields [[glucagon]] in pancreatic alpha cells. In the intestine, prohormone convertase 1/3 liberates GLP-1 (7–37) and its C-terminally amidated form GLP-1 (7–36) amide, the latter accounting for the majority of circulating immunoreactive GLP-1 in humans.{{r|baggio2007}} | 10 | GLP-1 is generated by tissue-specific post-translational processing of [[Proglucagon|proglucagon]], the same precursor that yields [[glucagon]] in pancreatic alpha cells. In the intestine, prohormone convertase 1/3 liberates GLP-1 (7–37) and its C-terminally amidated form GLP-1 (7–36) amide, the latter accounting for the majority of circulating immunoreactive GLP-1 in humans.{{r|baggio2007}} |
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| + | 12 | == Discovery and nomenclature == | |
| + | 13 | The existence of a gut-derived insulin secretagogue was inferred long before any such molecule was isolated: oral glucose was observed to provoke a substantially larger insulin response than an intravenous glucose load producing the same glycaemic excursion, a difference termed the [[Incretin effect|incretin effect]].{{r|nauck1986}} | |
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| + | 15 | Cloning of the proglucagon gene in the early 1980s revealed two glucagon-like sequences downstream of glucagon itself, designated glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon-like peptide-2. The full-length GLP-1 (1–37) proved to be biologically inert; N-terminal truncation to GLP-1 (7–37) yielded a potent insulinotropic peptide.{{r|holst1987}} Physiological activity in humans was demonstrated shortly afterwards by infusion studies showing marked, glucose-dependent insulin release.{{r|kreymann1987}} | |
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| 12 | == References == | 17 | == References == |
| 13 | {{reflist}} | 18 | {{reflist}} |
| 14 | <ref name="holst2007">Holst JJ. "The physiology of glucagon-like peptide 1." ''Physiological Reviews'' 87(4):1409–1439 (2007). DOI:10.1152/physrev.00034.2006. PMID 17928588.</ref> | 19 | <ref name="holst2007">Holst JJ. "The physiology of glucagon-like peptide 1." ''Physiological Reviews'' 87(4):1409–1439 (2007). DOI:10.1152/physrev.00034.2006. PMID 17928588.</ref> |
| 15 | <ref name="baggio2007">Baggio LL, Drucker DJ. "Biology of incretins: GLP-1 and GIP." ''Gastroenterology'' 132(6):2131–2157 (2007). DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.054. PMID 17498508.</ref> | 20 | <ref name="baggio2007">Baggio LL, Drucker DJ. "Biology of incretins: GLP-1 and GIP." ''Gastroenterology'' 132(6):2131–2157 (2007). DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.054. PMID 17498508.</ref> |
| + | 21 | <ref name="nauck1986">Nauck M, Stöckmann F, Ebert R, Creutzfeldt W. "Reduced incretin effect in type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes." ''Diabetologia'' 29(1):46–52 (1986). PMID 3514343.</ref> | |
| + | 22 | <ref name="holst1987">Holst JJ, Ørskov C, Nielsen OV, Schwartz TW. "Truncated glucagon-like peptide I, an insulin-releasing hormone from the distal gut." ''FEBS Letters'' 211(2):169–174 (1987). PMID 3542566.</ref> | |
| + | 23 | <ref name="kreymann1987">Kreymann B, Williams G, Ghatei MA, Bloom SR. "Glucagon-like peptide-1 7–36: a physiological incretin in man." ''The Lancet'' 2(8571):1300–1304 (1987). PMID 2890903.</ref> | |
| 16 | 24 | ||
| 17 | {{DEFAULTSORT:Glucagon-like peptide-1}} | 25 | {{DEFAULTSORT:Glucagon-like peptide-1}} |
| 18 | [[Category:Incretin biology]] | 26 | [[Category:Incretin biology]] |
| 19 | [[Category:Peptide drugs]] | 27 | [[Category:Peptide drugs]] |
| + | 28 | [[Category:Appetite regulation]] | |
| 20 | 29 |